Immunoglobulin

An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cell that used the immune system to neutralize pathogens such pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The recognizes unique molecule of pathogen, called antigen, via fragment antigen binding (Fab) variable region. Each tip "Y" contains paratope (analogous lock) specific for one particular epitope (similarly, analogous key) on allowing these two structures bind together with precision. Using this mechanism, can tag microbe or infected attack other parts system, its target directly (for example, inhibiting part essential invasion survival). Depending may impede biological process causing disease activate macrophages destroy foreign substance. ability communicate components mediated Fc region (located at base "Y"), which conserved glycosylation site involved in interactions. production antibodies main function humoral system.